Hemihydrate calcium sulfate is a chemical compound with the molecular formula CaSO4·0.5H2O. It is a white, crystalline powder or solid that is composed of calcium, sulfur, oxygen, and water molecules.
In its crystal structure, hemihydrate calcium sulfate consists of calcium ions (Ca2+) surrounded by sulfate ions (SO42-) and water molecules. The presence of half a water molecule per calcium sulfate unit gives it the "hemihydrate" designation.
This compound typically forms by the partial dehydration of gypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate), resulting in the conversion of some of the water molecules into water vapor. Hemihydrate calcium sulfate is often produced industrially by heating gypsum at temperatures around 150°C.
Hemihydrate calcium sulfate has various applications in industries such as construction and pharmaceuticals. In construction, it is commonly used as a component in the production of plasterboard, plaster molds, and stucco. It acts as a binder and hardener, providing strength and durability to these materials.
In the pharmaceutical industry, hemihydrate calcium sulfate is utilized as a desiccant and binding agent in medication formulations, such as tablets and capsules. It helps to control moisture content and enhance the integrity of the final product.
Overall, hemihydrate calcium sulfate is a versatile compound with significant applications in construction and pharmaceuticals, owing to its unique chemical and physical properties.
