A haematoma is a medical term used to describe a localized collection of blood, typically clotted, that accumulates outside the blood vessels. It is often the result of broken blood vessels or internal bleeding, occurring within soft tissues, organs, or enclosed spaces. Haematomas can be caused by various factors such as trauma, injury, surgery, or underlying medical conditions that affect blood vessels or the body's ability to clot blood.
The appearance of haematomas can vary depending on their location and severity. Small haematomas are usually characterized by a localized swelling, discoloration, and tenderness, whereas larger or deeper haematomas may cause more significant symptoms such as pain, limited mobility, or pressure on surrounding tissues. In some cases, haematomas may resolve on their own as the body naturally reabsorbs the accumulated blood, but larger or persistent haematomas may require medical intervention.
Treatment options for haematomas depend on the size, location, and severity of the condition. Common interventions include applying cold compresses, elevating the affected area, administering pain medications, draining the haematoma using a needle or surgical incision, or employing more advanced techniques such as ultrasound-guided aspiration or surgical evacuation.
While haematomas generally pose no long-term health risks, they can sometimes result in complications such as infections, nerve damage, or the formation of scar tissue. Therefore, it is essential to seek medical attention if experiencing symptoms suggestive of a haematoma or if a localized swelling or discoloration persists after an injury or medical procedure.
