Grade IV Astrocytoma, also known as glioblastoma multiforme, is a type of malignant brain tumor that arises from the star-shaped cells called astrocytes. It is classified as a grade IV tumor according to the World Health Organization (WHO) grading system, which designates the aggressiveness and potential for growth of brain tumors.
Astrocytomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor in adults, and grade IV Astrocytomas are considered the most aggressive and invasive form. They typically grow rapidly and infiltrate nearby brain tissues, making complete surgical removal difficult.
Symptoms of grade IV Astrocytoma can vary depending on the location of the tumor and may include headaches, seizures, cognitive impairments, personality changes, and neurological deficits. These tumors have a poor prognosis due to their high degree of malignancy, invasive nature, and tendency to recur even after treatment.
Treatment options for grade IV Astrocytoma often involve a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. However, due to their infiltrative nature, complete surgical removal is challenging, and the tumors have a high likelihood of recurrence. Median survival is typically around 12-15 months, and the five-year survival rate is generally less than 10%.
Ongoing research is focusing on developing innovative treatment strategies such as targeted therapies and immunotherapies to improve outcomes for patients with grade IV Astrocytoma.
