The glottal stop is a sound made in many languages which is represented in IPA phonetic transcription by the symbol ʔ. This sound is created by closing the glottis, the area in the throat where vocal cords are located. English speakers sometimes use the glottal stop when pronouncing words like "uh-oh" or when inserting a brief pause between two vowels, as in the word "butter." The spelling of the term "glottal stop" accurately reflects the way the sound is produced in the mouth.
A glottal stop is a speech sound production made by momentarily closing the vocal cords in the larynx, resulting in a brief interruption of airflow. It is a type of consonant sound that can be found in various languages and is denoted by the symbol /ʔ/ in phonetic transcription.
During a glottal stop, the vocal cords are brought together, blocking the flow of air through the glottis. This closure causes a momentary silence or pause in the speech stream before the next sound is produced. The duration of the stop may vary depending on the language and its phonetic environment.
In English, the glottal stop is commonly used in some dialects as a substitution for the /t/ sound in words like "water" or "bottle", resulting in pronunciations like "waʔer" or "boʔle". It can also occur in other positions, such as between two vowels, as in the word "uh-oh" where the glottal stop replaces the /p/ sound.
Glottal stops are also present in many other languages, such as Arabic, Tagalog, Hawaiian, and even Danish. In some cases, the glottal stop can be phonemic, meaning it can change the meaning of words. For instance, in Hawaiian, "wikiwiki" means "quick", whereas "wiʔiʔi" means "tiny".
The etymology of the word "glottal stop" comes from the combination of two terms: "glottal" and "stop".
"Glottal" refers to the glottis, which is the part of our vocal apparatus located at the top of the windpipe (trachea) and between the vocal cords. It plays a crucial role in phonation (the production of vocal sounds) as it can open and close to control the flow of air.
"Stop" is a linguistic term that refers to a consonant sound produced by briefly closing off the airflow through the vocal tract. In the case of a glottal stop, the airflow is interrupted by closing the glottis momentarily.
Therefore, the term "glottal stop" describes a speech sound produced by momentarily closing the glottis to create a pause in the airflow.