GERIATRIC ANESTHESIA Meaning and
Definition
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Geriatric anesthesia refers to the specialized management of anesthesia in elderly individuals during surgical or medical procedures. It is a branch of anesthesiology that focuses on addressing the unique physiological changes and considerations that occur in older adults.
As a person ages, their body undergoes several changes that can impact the administration and response to anesthesia. These changes include decreased organ function, alterations in drug metabolism, decreased blood flow to vital organs, and increased susceptibility to adverse effects. Geriatric anesthesia aims to minimize the risks associated with anesthesia in older adults and ensure their safety and well-being throughout the perioperative period.
A key aspect of geriatric anesthesia is individualized care. The anesthesia provider must carefully evaluate the patient's medical history, current health status, including any chronic diseases or cognitive impairments, and current medications to create a tailored anesthesia plan. The dosage and choice of anesthetic agents may need to be adjusted to account for the changes in drug metabolism and potential drug interactions.
Management of pain and prevention of delirium are important considerations in geriatric anesthesia. Additional emphasis is placed on maintaining adequate blood pressure, optimizing oxygenation, and avoiding potential complications such as postoperative cognitive dysfunction and falls.
Overall, geriatric anesthesia encompasses a comprehensive approach that addresses the unique challenges and concerns associated with administering anesthesia to elderly patients, with the primary goal being the safe and effective provision of anesthesia services while considering the specific needs and vulnerabilities of this population.
Etymology of GERIATRIC ANESTHESIA
The term "geriatric" is derived from the Greek words "geron" meaning "old man" or "old age" and "iatros" meaning "physician" or "healer". Therefore, "geriatric" refers to medical care or treatment of elderly individuals.
The word "anesthesia" has its roots in the Greek language as well. It is a combination of the Greek words "an-", meaning "without" or "not", and "aesthēsis", meaning "sensation" or "feeling". Accordingly, "anesthesia" represents the state of temporary loss of sensation or feeling, especially the ability to feel pain.
When combined, "geriatric anesthesia" refers to the administration of anesthesia to older adults. It specifically addresses the unique considerations and challenges involved in providing anesthesia to elderly patients due to age-related physiological changes, comorbidities, and increased sensitivity to medication.
