Enteric duplication cyst, also known as intestinal duplication cyst, is a congenital abnormality that occurs during fetal development, resulting in the duplication of a segment of the gastrointestinal tract. It manifests as a fluid-filled sac or cyst that is connected to the gastrointestinal tract somewhere along its length, usually in the small intestine. This condition is considered rare, ranging from 1 in 4500 to 1 in 7000 live births.
Enteric duplication cysts can occur anywhere from the mouth to the anus, with the ileum being the most common location. These cysts are lined with gastrointestinal tissue and contain layers that resemble the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis propria, and serosa of the normal intestine. The size, shape, and location of these cysts can vary, leading to a wide range of clinical presentations and associated symptoms.
Symptoms of enteric duplication cysts can vary depending on their size, location, and associated complications. Common presentations include abdominal pain, distension, vomiting, and bowel obstruction. In some cases, the cysts can become infected or bleed, leading to severe abdominal symptoms.
Diagnosis of enteric duplication cysts usually involves imaging techniques such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the cyst, along with any associated abnormal tissue or complications. The prognosis for individuals with enteric duplication cysts is generally good after successful surgical resection, although long-term follow-up may be necessary to monitor for any potential complications or recurrent cysts.
