Diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, specifically in the white blood cells called B lymphocytes. It is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is a group of malignancies characterized by the abnormal proliferation of lymphocytes.
DLBCL is classified as a fast-growing, aggressive lymphoma, meaning it has a high growth rate and can spread rapidly to different parts of the body. It typically presents as a painless swelling of the lymph nodes, which may occur in various regions such as the neck, armpits, or groin. Other symptoms may include night sweats, unexplained weight loss, fever, fatigue, and generalized itching.
Histologically, DLBCL is characterized by the presence of large abnormal lymphocytes, often referred to as "diffuse large cells." These cells may resemble activated B lymphocytes or pre-plasma cells. DLBCL can be further classified into different subtypes based on the specific genetic alterations or cellular markers present.
Treatment of DLBCL usually involves a combination of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy. The exact treatment approach depends on factors such as the stage of the disease, the patient's overall health, and specific genetic markers present in the tumor cells.
Prognosis for DLBCL varies depending on several factors, including age, stage of the disease, presence of certain genetic markers, and response to treatment. With the use of intensive therapies, many patients with DLBCL can achieve complete remission, meaning no evidence of cancer is detected. However, some cases may be resistant to treatment or relapse, necessitating further therapeutic interventions.
