Corpus luteum cyst, also known as a functional cyst, is a medical condition characterized by the development of a fluid-filled sac on the ovary after the release of an egg from the follicle during the menstrual cycle. The corpus luteum is a temporary structure that forms in the ovary after ovulation occurs. Its main function is to produce hormones, particularly progesterone, in preparation for potential pregnancy.
In some cases, the corpus luteum may become enlarged or filled with excessive fluid, resulting in the formation of a cyst. Corpus luteum cysts typically develop during the reproductive years and are more common in women who produce eggs, either naturally or through fertility treatments. These cysts are usually harmless, often resolving on their own within a few weeks or months.
Symptoms of a corpus luteum cyst can vary and may include pelvic pain or discomfort, bloating, irregular menstrual cycles, or changes in hormone levels. In some cases, the cyst may rupture, causing sudden and severe pain.
Diagnosing a corpus luteum cyst usually involves a pelvic examination, ultrasound imaging, or blood tests to measure hormone levels. Treatment is often unnecessary unless complications, such as intense pain or torsion (twisting) of the ovary, occur. In these instances, treatments like pain management or surgical intervention may be recommended.
Overall, a corpus luteum cyst is a benign condition that typically resolves spontaneously and does not usually pose significant health risks. Regular gynecological check-ups and consulting a healthcare professional are essential for appropriate diagnosis, monitoring, and management of any ovarian cysts.
