CORNEAL TRANSPLANT Meaning and
Definition
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A corneal transplant, also known as corneal grafting or keratoplasty, refers to a surgical procedure aimed at the replacement of the cornea—a clear, dome-shaped layer covering the front of the eye. This procedure is typically performed when the cornea becomes damaged or diseased to an extent that it affects vision. It involves the removal of the damaged part of the cornea and replacing it with a healthy donor cornea obtained from a deceased individual.
Corneal transplants are commonly undertaken to rectify conditions such as keratoconus, where the cornea becomes progressively cone-shaped and distorts vision, or to treat corneal scarring resulting from injuries, infections, or inherited diseases. The surgery is performed under local or general anesthesia, and the damaged cornea is meticulously removed and replaced by a suitable donor cornea. Typically, the donor cornea is carefully matched to the patient's tissue type to minimize the risk of rejection.
Following a corneal transplant, patients may experience temporary discomfort or blurry vision as the eye heals. Subsequent check-ups with an ophthalmologist are crucial to monitor the healing process and ensure the body accepts the transplanted cornea. Medications such as corticosteroid eye drops are usually prescribed to prevent graft rejection and manage inflammation during the recovery period.
A successful corneal transplant often results in improved vision, reduction of pain or discomfort, and the restoration of the cornea's clarity. While risks and complications associated with this procedure are relatively low, possible complications include infection, rejection of the grafted cornea, and astigmatism. However, with advancements in surgical techniques and post-operative care, corneal transplants continue to be a viable option for individuals suffering from corneal damage or diseases affecting visual
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Etymology of CORNEAL TRANSPLANT
The word "corneal" is derived from the Latin term "cornea" which literally translates to "horny" or "like horn". It refers to the transparent, dome-shaped front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. The term "transplant" comes from the Latin word "transplantare" meaning "to transplant" or "to transfer". Therefore, the etymology of the term "corneal transplant" implies the surgical procedure of transferring or replacing the cornea from a donor to a recipient.
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