Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiases (CMC) is a rare group of genetic disorders characterized by a recurring and persistent fungal infection caused by Candida species. This condition affects primarily the mucous membranes and the skin, hence its name "mucocutaneous."
Individuals with CMC have a defective immune response, particularly in their T cells, which are responsible for fighting infections. The impairment of the immune system leaves them highly susceptible to Candida infections, with recurrent manifestations that are difficult to treat.
Symptoms of CMC can vary, but often include repeated episodes of oral thrush (white patches and sores in the mouth), skin infections, and chronic fungal nail infections. In more severe cases, other areas such as the digestive tract, respiratory system, and genitalia may also be affected.
CMC can be inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive manner, depending on the specific genetic mutation involved. While autosomal dominant CMC is typically less severe with milder symptoms, autosomal recessive CMC is associated with a more profound immune deficiency and can be potentially life-threatening.
Treatment for CMC usually involves antifungal medications to control the infections. However, due to the persistent nature of the condition, preventive measures and management of associated symptoms are crucial. Genetic counseling may be recommended for affected individuals and their families to understand the risk of passing on the disease to future generations.
