Chronic Inflammatory Polyradiculopathy (CIDP) is a neurological disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the nerves, specifically the nerve roots, resulting in weakness, numbness, and sensory loss in the extremities. It is a type of peripheral neuropathy that affects multiple nerve roots.
CIDP is considered an autoimmune disorder, meaning that the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy nerve tissue, leading to chronic inflammation. The exact cause of CIDP is unknown, although it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
One of the main symptoms of CIDP is progressive weakness and difficulty in walking, as the inflammation affects the nerve signals responsible for muscle function. Sensory loss, tingling sensations, and pain in the limbs are also common symptoms, often starting in the lower limbs and gradually progressing upwards.
The chronic nature of the condition means that the symptoms of CIDP persist for more than two months, and if left untreated, they may worsen over time. Diagnosis of CIDP usually involves a thorough clinical exam, nerve conduction studies, and sometimes a nerve biopsy.
Treatment for CIDP typically involves immune-modulating therapy, such as corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), or plasmapheresis. These treatments aim to suppress the abnormal immune response and reduce inflammation. Physical therapy is often recommended to improve muscle strength and function.
While there is no known cure for CIDP, with appropriate treatment, the condition can be managed, and symptoms can be significantly reduced, leading to an improved quality of life for individuals with this chronic inflammatory disorder.
