Cheilopoda, also known as centipedes, is a class of elongated, segmented arthropods belonging to the subphylum Myriapoda. They are characterized by their numerous pairs of jointed legs, with each segment usually bearing one pair. The name "cheilopoda" is derived from the Greek words "cheilos" meaning lip and "pous" meaning foot, referring to their distinct appearance.
Centipedes can range in size from a few millimeters to over 30 centimeters, with most species having around 15 to 177 pairs of legs. They have a dorsoventrally flattened body and a pair of antennae on the head, which is followed by a series of body segments.
These arthropods are predominantly carnivorous, preying on insects, spiders, and other small invertebrates. They are equipped with venomous claws located on their first pair of legs, which they use to capture and subdue their prey. While some species are capable of delivering venom that can cause pain and swelling in humans, most centipedes are harmless to humans.
Cheilopoda can be found in diverse habitats worldwide, including deserts, forests, and even in aquatic environments. They are predominantly nocturnal creatures, seeking shelter in damp, dark places during the day and emerging to hunt at night.
Despite their name, centipedes do not have precisely one hundred legs; rather, the number of legs varies between species. They play an important role in ecosystems as both predators and prey, and are considered beneficial in controlling populations of other arthropods.
