Carditis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the heart. It refers to the inflammation of any layer of the heart or the entire heart itself, affecting the muscles, lining, valves, or other structures of the organ. This condition can lead to impaired heart function and can be potentially life-threatening if left untreated.
There are several potential causes of carditis, including infections, such as bacterial, viral, or fungal infections, as well as autoimmune diseases and certain medications. Infections like bacterial endocarditis or viral myocarditis can result in carditis as part of their pathological progression.
Symptoms of carditis may vary depending on the underlying cause, but common signs include chest pain, rapid or irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath, fatigue, swollen ankles or abdomen, and sometimes fever. Diagnosis usually involves a thorough medical history review, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests like blood tests, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, and cardiac MRI.
The treatment of carditis depends on the cause and severity of the inflammation. Infections generally require appropriate antimicrobial therapy, while autoimmune-related carditis may involve immunosuppressive medications or other therapies targeting the underlying condition. Additionally, supportive care might be necessary to manage symptoms and promote cardiac healing. Regular follow-up appointments and monitoring are essential to evaluate the response to treatment and minimize the risk of complications.
