Cardiidae is a family of marine bivalve mollusks that are commonly known as cockles. This family is part of the larger order Cardiida, which includes various species of cockles distributed worldwide.
Cockles belonging to the family Cardiidae have distinctive, heart-shaped shells, hence the name derived from the Latin word "cardium," meaning heart. These shells are often rounded, with concentric ridges or radial ribs, and can come in a range of colors, including white, brown, and pink.
Cardiidae species are found in both shallow and deep-sea habitats, typically in sandy or muddy substrates, although some can also inhabit rocky areas. They are known for their ability to burrow into the sediment to protect themselves from predation and harsh environmental conditions.
These mollusks are filter feeders, using their specialized feeding apparatus, called a siphon, to extract organic particles and plankton from the surrounding water. They have relatively short siphons compared to other bivalves and use their muscular foot to dig and anchor themselves in the sediment.
Cardiidae species are important components of marine ecosystems, serving as a food source for various predators, including birds, fish, and crustaceans. Humans also harvest cockles for culinary purposes, as they are considered a delicacy in many parts of the world.
In summary, Cardiidae refers to a family of bivalve mollusks known as cockles, characterized by their distinctive heart-shaped shells, ability to burrow, and filter-feeding lifestyle.
