Cancer of the kidney, also known as renal cancer or renal cell carcinoma, refers to the development and growth of malignant tumors within the kidney tissues. It is a form of cancer that primarily affects the renal cells, which are responsible for filtering waste products and excess fluids from the blood to produce urine. This condition typically arises when abnormal and uncontrolled cellular growth occurs within the kidney, leading to the formation of tumors that can invade surrounding tissues or potentially spread to other parts of the body.
The symptoms of kidney cancer may include blood in the urine (hematuria), persistent pain or pressure in the side or back, a noticeable lump in the abdomen, weight loss, fatigue, fever, or recurrent infections. However, some individuals may not display any noticeable symptoms during the early stages of the disease.
The exact causes of kidney cancer are largely unknown, but certain factors may increase the risk of its development. These factors include smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, certain inherited gene mutations, chronic kidney disease, and exposure to certain chemicals or substances at workplaces such as certain metals, solvents, or asbestos.
Diagnosis of kidney cancer typically involves a combination of imaging tests, such as ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, or a biopsy, to examine the affected kidney and determine the extent of the disease. Treatment options for kidney cancer may vary depending on the stage of the cancer, but they often include surgical removal of the tumor, targeted therapies, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy.
Regular check-ups, leading a healthy lifestyle, and avoiding exposure to known risk factors can help reduce the likelihood of developing kidney cancer. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment and improved outcomes.
