The proper spelling of the bacteria Campylobacter coli can be confusing because of its non-intuitive pronunciation. Using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), it is represented as /kæmpɪloʊˈbæktər ˈkoʊlaɪ/. This means that the C is pronounced as a hard K, while the Y is pronounced as an I sound. The double L in Coli is pronounced as a single L, and the final I is pronounced as a long I. Understanding the IPA can help to communicate the correct pronunciation and spelling of this important pathogen.
Campylobacter coli is a species of bacteria that belongs to the Campylobacter genus. It is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacterium that primarily inhabits the intestines of animals, particularly pigs, although it can also be found in other livestock and wildlife. This bacterium is an important zoonotic pathogen, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans, causing a variety of gastrointestinal illnesses.
In humans, Campylobacter coli is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, commonly known as food poisoning. The infection is usually acquired through the consumption of contaminated food or water, and symptoms typically appear within two to five days after exposure. Common symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, and occasionally, vomiting. Although most cases are self-limiting and resolve within a week, some individuals, particularly those with weakened immune systems, may experience more severe and prolonged symptoms.
Campylobacter coli is a highly adaptable bacterium, allowing it to survive in a wide range of environments. It is commonly found in the feces of infected animals, which can contaminate water sources, soil, and food products, especially raw or undercooked meat, poultry, and unpasteurized milk. Effective control measures, such as proper cooking, pasteurization, and hygiene practices, are essential in preventing the spread of Campylobacter coli and reducing the incidence of associated infections.
In addition to its role as a human pathogen, Campylobacter coli can also cause disease in animals, particularly pigs, resulting in economic losses in the agricultural industry.
The word "Campylobacter" is derived from the Greek word "campylos" meaning "curved", and the Latin word "bacter" meaning "rod" or "stick". This refers to the shape of the bacteria, which are curved or spiral rods.
The term "coli" is a shortened form of "colon", which signifies that this particular species of Campylobacter is commonly found in the colon or large intestine of humans and animals.