Calycle (/ˈkælɪkəl/) is a botanical term used for the outer layer of protective leaf-like structures surrounding the base of a flower. The word comes from the Greek word kályx which means "husk" or "pod". The spelling of calycle may be confusing because of the silent "y" between the "c" and "l" and the ending "e" which may suggest that it is pronounced "caly-clee". However, the correct pronunciation is "cal-uh-kuhl" with the stress on the second syllable.
A calycle refers to a specialized whorl of modified sepals found in some plant species. It is typically located just beneath the petals, enclosing the developing bud or flower. The term "calycle" is derived from the Latin word "calyx," meaning a cup or outer covering.
The calycle is a significant floral structure, playing a crucial role in protecting the immature bud before it blooms. It often resembles a small, leaf-like structure, although it may differ in color, shape, or texture from the true sepals. The primary function of the calycle is to shield the delicate parts of the flower during its development, safeguarding them against external stresses, such as extreme temperatures, intense sunlight, or physical damage.
In some plant families, such as the Asteraceae (sunflower family) or Malvaceae (mallow family), the calycle serves an essential ecological purpose beyond its protective function. It assists in attracting pollinators by acting as an additional visual cue or producing specialized secretions to entice specific insects or birds. In certain instances, the calycle may even contribute to seed dispersal or aid in the process of fruit formation.
Overall, the calycle is a distinctive feature of many plant species, serving multiple purposes as a protective shield, visual attractant, or aiding in reproductive processes. Its presence and characteristics can vary significantly across plant families and species, showcasing the incredible diversity of flora in the natural world.
Calyculus.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
A row of leaflets at the base of the calyx on the outside.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "calycle" comes from the Medieval Latin term "calycula", from the Latin "calyx" meaning "cup" or "husk". "Calyx" itself originates from the Greek word "kályx" meaning "husk" or "cup". In botanical terminology, the calycle refers to a small, outer whorl of modified leaves that encloses the base of a flower.