CALLA Positive Lymphocytic Leukemias are a specific subtype of lymphocytic leukemia that is characterized by the presence of a surface marker called common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA). This antigen is a cell surface enzyme known as CD10, which is not normally found on mature lymphocytes.
Lymphocytic leukemias are types of cancers that affect the lymphatic system, particularly the white blood cells called lymphocytes. In CALLA Positive Lymphocytic Leukemias, the affected lymphocytes display the CALLA or CD10 antigen on their surfaces. The presence of this marker is important for diagnosis and classification of the disease.
The term "positive" in CALLA Positive Lymphocytic Leukemias indicates that the presence of the CALLA antigen is confirmed based on laboratory tests. Positive CALLA status can be determined using various techniques, such as immunophenotyping, flow cytometry, or immunohistochemistry.
CALLA Positive Lymphocytic Leukemias can occur in both children and adults, although they are more commonly diagnosed in children. These leukemias can be of either B-cell or T-cell origin. The specific type is determined by analyzing additional surface proteins expressed by the leukemic cells.
Treatment for CALLA Positive Lymphocytic Leukemias typically involves chemotherapy, which aims to kill or inhibit the growth of cancer cells. In some cases, additional treatments such as radiation therapy or stem cell transplantation may be recommended. The prognosis for individuals with CALLA Positive Lymphocytic Leukemias varies depending on factors such as the subtype of leukemia, age of the patient, overall health, and response to treatment.
