The spelling of the phrase "broken down" can be explained using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The first syllable "bro" is pronounced as /bɹəʊ/, with the "o" sound pronounced as "ou" in "house". The second syllable "ken" is pronounced as /kɛn/, with the "e" sound pronounced as "e" in "bed". The last syllable "down" is pronounced as /daʊn/, with the "ow" sound pronounced as "ow" in "cow". Therefore, the phonetic transcription of "broken down" is /bɹəʊkɛndaʊn/.
The term "broken down" is an adjective used to describe the state of a machine, system, or object that is no longer functioning correctly. It signifies a state of disrepair or malfunction due to damage, wear and tear, or the presence of faulty parts. When an object is broken down, it is often unable to perform its intended function or operate efficiently.
The concept of being "broken down" can also extend beyond physical objects to include abstract systems or processes. For instance, a broken-down communication system refers to a malfunctioning method of transmitting information, hindering effective communication. Similarly, a broken-down government or organization refers to a dysfunctional system that lacks proper organization and efficiency.
When an object or system is broken down, it typically requires repair, maintenance, or replacement to restore it to its original or functional state. This may involve fixing or replacing damaged components, addressing underlying issues, or conducting general maintenance procedures.
In a broader sense, "broken down" can also refer to a person's emotional or physical state. When someone is feeling broken down, they are experiencing a state of exhaustion, fatigue, or emotional distress. This can result from various factors such as excessive workloads, stress, or personal difficulties. In this context, seeking rest, relaxation, support, or professional help is often necessary to recover and regain a more balanced state.
The phrase "broken down" consists of two separate words with their own etymology.
1. Broken:
The word "broken" comes from the Middle English word "broken" or "broke", which evolved from the past participle of the Old English verb "brecan". "Brecan" itself can be traced back to the Proto-Germanic word "brekaną", meaning "to break". The word has remained relatively consistent throughout its history.
2. Down:
The word "down" has a more complex etymology. It originated from the Old English word "dūne", which meant "hill" or "elevated land". This Old English word is derived from the Proto-Germanic word "dūnaz", meaning "hill" or "mound". The term "down" eventually evolved to refer to a lower position or a state of decline.