Bovine Herpes Mammillitis Virus (BHMV) is a viral pathogen that infects cattle and causes a highly contagious disease known as bovine herpes mammillitis (BHM). BHMV is a member of the Herpesviridae family and is classified under the Varicellovirus genus. This virus primarily affects the udder and teats of lactating cows, resulting in painful lesions and inflammation.
The primary mode of transmission for BHMV is direct contact between infected and susceptible animals, typically through the exchange of infected milk during nursing. The virus can also spread through fomites, such as contaminated milking equipment or bedding. The incubation period of BHMV usually ranges from a few days to a week, after which clinical signs start to appear.
Symptoms of BHM include the formation of painful and vesicular lesions on the teats and udder, which can cause discomfort and reduced milk production. Affected cows may exhibit signs of pain and discomfort, with reluctance to allow milking or suckling of their calves. In severe cases, secondary bacterial infections and mastitis can occur.
Diagnosis of BHMV is typically based on clinical signs, lesion appearance, and laboratory tests, such as virus isolation and serological assays. Treatment mainly focuses on supportive care, including pain management and prevention of secondary infections. Vaccination programs can be implemented to reduce the incidence and severity of BHM.
Overall, Bovine Herpes Mammillitis Virus is a highly contagious viral pathogen that primarily affects the udder and teats of lactating cows, causing painful lesions and reducing milk production. Strict biosecurity measures and vaccination strategies are crucial in the control and prevention of this disease.
