Border disease virus (BDV) is a pathogenic virus that primarily affects domestic and wild sheep, as well as goats. BDV belongs to the family Flaviviridae and the genus Pestivirus. It is a single-stranded RNA virus that causes a range of clinical manifestations in infected animals. The virus is highly contagious and can spread rapidly within sheep flocks, resulting in significant economic losses to the livestock industry.
BDV has a worldwide distribution and can infect animals of all ages. Infected animals may exhibit various clinical signs, including poor growth, reduced milk production, weight loss, infertility, and immunosuppression. In pregnant ewes, BDV infection can lead to fetal malformations, abortions, or the birth of weak and immune-compromised offspring. Young animals infected with BDV may show stunted growth and develop a condition known as hairy shaker syndrome, characterized by trembling, incoordination, and abnormal haircoat.
Transmission of BDV occurs through direct contact with infected animals or exposure to contaminated environments. The virus can also be transmitted vertically from infected mothers to their offspring. Control and prevention measures for BDV include strict biosecurity practices, vaccination, and quarantine of infected individuals.
In summary, Border disease virus is a highly contagious pathogen that affects sheep and goats, leading to a wide range of clinical signs and economic losses in affected animal populations.
