The term "astigmia" is used to describe a medical condition in which the eyes do not focus properly on objects. The correct spelling of this word is "astigmatism," which is pronounced as /əˈstɪɡmətɪzəm/ (uh-stig-muh-tiz-uhm). The first syllable "a-" is pronounced as "uh," the "s" is pronounced as "s," and the "-tigm" is pronounced as "stig-m." Finally, the last syllable "-ism" is pronounced as "iz-uhm." It is important to spell medical terms correctly for clear communication with healthcare professionals.
Astigmatism is a common eye condition that affects the way light is focused on the retina, resulting in blurred or distorted vision. It is usually caused by an irregularly shaped cornea, the transparent front surface of the eye, or sometimes by an irregularly shaped lens inside the eye.
In a normal eye, the cornea and lens have a smooth spherical shape, similar to a basketball. In an astigmatic eye, however, the cornea or lens may have a more oblong or curved shape, akin to a rugby ball. This irregular shape causes light rays to be focused unevenly, leading to blurred or distorted vision at all distances, both near and far.
Astigmatism can manifest in different ways depending on the severity of the condition. Mild astigmatism may not require correction and may go unnoticed by the individual. However, in more significant cases, symptoms such as blurred vision, difficulty focusing, eyestrain, and headaches may occur.
The diagnosis of astigmatism is typically performed during a comprehensive eye examination. The condition can be corrected with prescription eyeglasses or contact lenses that compensate for the irregular shape of the cornea or lens, allowing light to be properly focused on the retina. In some cases, refractive surgery, such as LASIK or PRK, may be recommended to permanently reshape the cornea and improve vision.
Astigmatism.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word astigmatism is derived from the Greek words a meaning without or not, and stigma meaning a mark or a point. Astigmatism refers to a refractive error of the eye, where the cornea or lens has an irregular shape, causing blurred or distorted vision. Therefore, astigmatism can be interpreted as without a point or not having a clear focus.