Angiotensin Forming Enzyme (also known as angiotensin-converting enzyme or ACE) is an essential enzyme found in the body that plays a pivotal role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance. It is predominantly located in the lungs and the endothelial lining of blood vessels.
The main function of angiotensin forming enzyme is to convert angiotensin I, a hormone produced by the liver, to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor, meaning it narrows blood vessels and promotes the constriction of smooth muscle cells in the arterial walls. This results in increased blood pressure and resistance in the peripheral vascular system.
Furthermore, ACE also regulates the release of another hormone called aldosterone, which is responsible for sodium reabsorption in the kidneys. Increased aldosterone levels lead to fluid retention and an overall elevation in blood pressure.
ACE inhibitors, a class of medications that block the action of this enzyme, are commonly prescribed to treat conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and certain kidney disorders. By inhibiting the formation of angiotensin II, these drugs cause arterial dilation, reduce blood pressure, and decrease the workload on the heart.
In summary, angiotensin forming enzyme has a crucial role in the regulation of blood pressure by converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Its inhibition through ACE inhibitors is an effective therapeutic approach in managing various cardiovascular conditions.
