Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, commonly referred to as ACE inhibitors, are a class of medications primarily used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and heart failure. These drugs work by inhibiting the action of an enzyme called angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood pressure.
ACE inhibitors work by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor, meaning it causes blood vessels to narrow and raise blood pressure. By inhibiting ACE, these medications help relax and widen the blood vessels, reducing blood pressure and improving blood flow to the heart and other organs.
In addition to their blood pressure-lowering effects, ACE inhibitors also have other beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. They can reduce the workload on the heart, improve heart function, and prevent remodeling of the heart muscle. These drugs may also have a positive impact on the kidneys, as they can help reduce proteinuria (abnormal levels of protein in the urine) and slow down the progression of kidney disease.
Common examples of ACE inhibitors include lisinopril, enalapril, ramipril, and captopril. They are usually taken orally and are well-tolerated, with the most common side effect being a persistent dry cough. Other potential side effects may include dizziness, headache, and decreased taste sensation.
Overall, ACE inhibitors are an important class of medications in the management of hypertension and heart failure, offering multiple benefits in improving cardiovascular health.
