Angiofollicular lymphoid hyperplasia, also known as Castleman's disease or angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, is a rare immune system disorder characterized by the abnormal growth and enlargement of lymph nodes. This condition primarily affects the lymphatic system, which is a part of the immune system that helps to fight infections and diseases.
In angiofollicular lymphoid hyperplasia, there is an overgrowth of lymphoid tissue, leading to the development of enlarged lymph nodes that may be localized in a single area (unicentric) or scattered throughout the body (multicentric). These enlarged lymph nodes can cause various symptoms and complications depending on their location and size.
Symptoms of angiofollicular lymphoid hyperplasia may include fatigue, night sweats, fever, unintentional weight loss, enlarged lymph nodes, and in some cases, organ dysfunction. Additionally, multicentric cases of the disease may present with generalized symptoms such as anemia, skin rashes, liver and spleen enlargement, and neurological abnormalities.
The exact cause of angiofollicular lymphoid hyperplasia remains unknown, and its development is thought to involve both genetic and environmental factors. While there is currently no cure for this disorder, treatments primarily aim to manage symptoms and complications. These may include surgical removal of affected lymph nodes, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy.
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to managing the condition effectively, as it can lead to severe symptoms and complications if left untreated. Regular medical monitoring and follow-up are necessary to ensure proper management of the disease.
