Angiofollicular lymphoid hyperplasia (ALH) is a medical term used to describe a rare benign condition characterized by the abnormal growth of lymphoid tissue. This condition primarily affects the lymph nodes, but it can also involve other lymphoid structures such as tonsils and spleen.
ALH is characterized by the formation of multiple small nodules within the affected lymphoid tissues. These nodules contain an overabundance of lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cell involved in the immune response. Additionally, the nodules contain blood vessels, which contributes to the term "angiofollicular" in the name.
The exact cause of ALH is not well understood, and it is considered an idiopathic condition, meaning the underlying cause is unknown. It tends to occur in young to middle-aged adults, with a slight predilection for males.
Although ALH is generally considered a benign condition, it can present with various symptoms depending on the affected organ. Common symptoms include painless swelling of lymph nodes, recurrent infections, fever, night sweats, fatigue, and weight loss.
Diagnosing ALH typically involves a combination of imaging studies, such as ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scans, and a tissue biopsy for microscopic examination. Treatment options for ALH depend on the extent of the disease and the severity of symptoms. In some cases, conservative management with close observation may be sufficient, while others may require surgical removal of the affected lymphoid tissue or radiation therapy.
Overall, angiofollicular lymphoid hyperplasia is a rare condition characterized by the abnormal overgrowth of lymphoid tissue in various lymphoid structures of the body, and while it is generally benign, treatment may be necessary to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.
