Aleutian Mink Disease Parvovirus (AMDV) is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects mink populations. It is caused by Aleutian mink disease virus, which belongs to the family Parvoviridae. AMDV is known for its ability to cause chronic infections and immune complex-mediated diseases in minks.
The virus is transmitted through direct contact, aerosol droplets, or contaminated fomites. Once the virus enters a mink, it replicates in various tissues, especially the lymphoid tissues and reproductive organs. This replication can lead to a persistent infection, and affected minks become carriers capable of shedding the virus and transmitting it to susceptible individuals.
Clinical signs of Aleutian Mink Disease (AMD) vary depending on the strain of the virus, host factors, and immune response. Affected minks may exhibit weight loss, lethargy, reproductive failure, respiratory distress, and ultimately death. The disease can also lead to damage to the kidneys, liver, spleen, and other organs.
Diagnosis of AMDV is based on clinical signs, serological testing, virus detection, and histopathological examination. Serology and PCR testing can confirm the presence of the virus, while histopathology can provide evidence of characteristic lesions associated with the disease.
Management and control of AMDV primarily involve implementing strict biosecurity measures to prevent the introduction and spread of the virus in mink farms. Vaccination against AMDV is available, offering protection and decreasing the severity of the disease.
In conclusion, Aleutian Mink Disease Parvovirus is a viral disease causing chronic infections and immune complex-mediated diseases in minks. It is highly contagious and can lead to substantial economic losses in affected mink populations.
