Aleutian Mink Disease (AMD) is a contagious viral disease primarily affecting mink, a species of small carnivorous mammals raised in fur farms for their valuable pelts. The disease is caused by a member of the parvovirus family called Aleutian Disease Virus (ADV).
AMD is commonly characterized by immunopathological reactions, which means the infected mink's immune system responds abnormally to the presence of the virus. The primary symptoms include weight loss, a decrease in fur quality, reduced fertility rates, and a high mortality rate among infected animals. The disease progresses slowly and chronically, leading to a gradual decline in the overall health and wellbeing of affected mink populations.
The virus spreads through direct contact with infected animals, mainly through nasal and oral secretions, urine, and feces. Transmission can also occur indirectly through contaminated surfaces, equipment, and clothing. Once infected, mink remain carriers for life, shedding the virus intermittently and serving as potential sources of infection for other animals.
Control measures for Aleutian Mink Disease primarily focus on preventing the spread of the virus through strict biosecurity protocols, such as quarantine procedures, hygiene practices, and regular testing. Vaccines are available to reduce the severity of clinical signs in infected mink populations and limit transmission.
Due to its impact on the fur industry, Aleutian Mink Disease represents a significant economic and biosecurity concern for mink farmers worldwide.
