Acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia, also known as acute myeloid leukemia (AML), is a rapidly progressing and aggressive form of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. It specifically impacts the myeloid cells, which are responsible for the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
In acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia, there is an uncontrolled production of immature, abnormal myeloblasts. These abnormal cells eventually outnumber the healthy cells, leading to a disruption in the normal functioning of the bone marrow. As a result, the production of normal blood cells is impaired, causing symptoms like fatigue, pale skin, increased susceptibility to infections, and easy bleeding or bruising.
This type of leukemia can affect people of all ages, although it is more common in older adults. The exact cause is largely unknown, but certain risk factors, such as exposure to high levels of radiation, chemotherapy drugs, and certain genetic disorders, may increase the chances of developing acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia.
Treatment for acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia typically includes chemotherapy, with or without radiation therapy, aimed at killing the cancer cells and allowing healthy cells to regenerate. In some cases, a bone marrow or stem cell transplant may be considered. The outlook for individuals with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia varies, depending on various factors such as age, overall health, and genetic abnormalities present in the cancer cells.
