Zagros refers to a major mountain range in Western Asia, located in Iran, Iraq and southeastern Turkey. It is considered one of the most significant mountain systems in the region. The Zagros Range extends approximately 1,600 kilometers from the coastal areas of the Persian Gulf to the northwestern part of Iran, bordering Turkey.
Characterized by its rugged and steep terrain, the Zagros is known for its high peaks, deep valleys, and numerous plateaus. It acts as a natural border between the Iranian Plateau and the Mesopotamian Plain, serving as a physical barrier between these regions. The range is primarily composed of sedimentary rocks, formed through the geological processes of folding, faulting, and erosion.
The Zagros Range plays an essential role in the regional climate, acting as a barrier against the prevailing winds from the west, resulting in aridity on the eastern side and greater precipitation on the western slopes. This geographical feature also influences the distribution of plant and animal species, creating various ecosystems within the range.
Furthermore, the Zagros has historical and cultural significance, serving as the backdrop for ancient civilizations and witnessing the development of human settlements since the Neolithic period. Archaeological sites, such as the ancient city of Susa, are located within the range, providing valuable insights into human history.
Overall, the Zagros range is a prominent mountain system in Western Asia, characterized by its geological and geographical features, as well as its historical and cultural importance.
