White blood cell count refers to the measurement of the number of white blood cells (WBCs) present in a given volume of blood. White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, are an integral part of the immune system and help defend the body against various types of infections and diseases. They are produced in the bone marrow and circulate throughout the body via the bloodstream.
The white blood cell count is commonly used as one of the key indicators of overall health and immune function. This test is typically performed as part of a complete blood count (CBC) and quantifies the number of white blood cells present per microliter (μL) or milliliter (mL) of blood.
Normal white blood cell counts can vary depending on factors such as age, sex, and overall health. The reference range for adults is usually between 4,500 and 11,000 white blood cells per μL of blood. A higher than normal white blood cell count, known as leukocytosis, may indicate an inflammatory response or an underlying infection. On the other hand, a lower than normal white blood cell count, called leukopenia, can be indicative of a weakened immune system, certain viral infections, autoimmune disorders, or bone marrow disorders.
White blood cell count is an important clinical parameter that helps healthcare professionals diagnose and monitor various conditions, including infections, autoimmune diseases, allergies, leukemia, and other hematological disorders. However, it is always necessary to interpret white blood cell count in conjunction with other clinical indicators to arrive at an accurate diagnosis.
