Western Equine Encephalomyelitis (WEE) is a viral disease that affects horses, birds, and occasionally humans. It is primarily transmitted through the bites of infected mosquitoes, particularly those of the Culex tarsalis species. WEE belongs to the genus Alphavirus and is part of the Togaviridae family.
In horses, WEE can cause inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, resulting in various neurological symptoms. These symptoms may include fever, loss of appetite, depression, muscle twitching, impaired coordination, and paralysis. In some cases, the disease can be severe and lead to death.
Birds, especially domestic chickens and game birds, can also be infected with WEE. However, they usually do not develop severe clinical signs of the disease. Infected birds may exhibit mild symptoms such as lethargy, ruffled feathers, and decreased egg production.
Although rare, human infections with WEE have been reported. Most individuals infected with WEE do not show symptoms, but in some cases, flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache, and nausea may occur. In severe cases, neurological complications may develop, leading to encephalitis, coma, and even death.
Prevention of WEE primarily involves vaccination of horses and the implementation of mosquito control measures. There is currently no specific treatment for WEE, and supportive care is provided to affected animals or individuals.
