WAHHABI MOVEMENT Meaning and
Definition
-
The Wahhabi movement, also known as Wahhabism, is a conservative religious movement that emerged in the 18th century in the Arabian Peninsula. It takes its name from its founder, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, an Islamic scholar from present-day Saudi Arabia. Wahhabism is a fundamentalist interpretation of Islam and is often associated with strict adherence to traditional Islamic practices and teachings.
This movement is characterized by its emphasis on the unity and purity of worship, with a focus on Tawhid (the oneness of God) and the rejection of any form of polytheism or idolatry. It promotes a literalist interpretation of Islamic texts and rejects any innovations or practices that it considers to be bid'ah (heretical). Wahhabism encourages a strict code of behavior, including strict gender segregation, prohibition of music and other forms of entertainment, and the enforcement of a modest dress code.
The Wahhabi movement has had a significant impact on the political landscape of the Arabian Peninsula. Its alliance with the House of Saud in the 18th century led to the creation of the modern state of Saudi Arabia, which has since become the guardian and promoter of Wahhabi teachings. Wahhabism has been a dominant force within the kingdom, shaping its legal system, educational curriculum, and societal norms.
However, the Wahhabi movement has also been a subject of criticism and controversy. Critics argue that its strict interpretation of Islam fosters intolerance, exclusivity, and promotes a narrow worldview. It has been associated with extremist ideologies and has faced accusations of promoting radicalization and terrorism. Despite these criticisms, the Wahhabi movement continues to hold a significant influence in the Islamic world, particularly in Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries.
Etymology of WAHHABI MOVEMENT
The term "Wahhabi movement" derives from the name of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, an 18th-century Islamic scholar and theologian from the Arabian Peninsula. The movement he was associated with is named after him and is commonly referred to as Wahhabism.
The term "Wahhabi" comes from the Arabic name "Abd al-Wahhab", which means "servant of the One (God)". Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab formed an alliance with the Saudi chieftain Muhammad ibn Saud, which later led to the establishment of the first Saudi state. The term "Wahhabi movement" refers to the religious, political, and social movement that emerged as a result of their collaboration and the spread of Abd al-Wahhab's teachings.
