Vocal cord palsies, also known as vocal fold paralysis or vocal fold paresis, refers to a medical condition characterized by the partial or complete loss of movement in one or both vocal cords. The vocal cords, located within the larynx or voice box, play a crucial role in the production of sound and speech. When vocal cord palsies occur, the affected cords cannot move as they should, resulting in various voice and breathing difficulties.
This condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which supplies the muscles responsible for vocal cord movement. Other potential causes include viral infections, thyroid problems, stroke, tumors, or trauma to the neck or chest. The specific symptoms experienced by individuals with vocal cord palsies can vary depending on the degree of cord involvement.
Common signs of this condition include hoarseness, a weak or breathy voice, vocal fatigue, difficulty swallowing, choking or coughing while eating or drinking, and a decreased ability to project the voice. In severe cases where both vocal cords are completely paralyzed, breathing difficulties may also arise.
Treatment options for vocal cord palsies depend on the underlying cause and severity of the palsy. Non-surgical approaches such as voice therapy, breathing exercises, or medication may be used to manage symptoms and improve vocal cord function. In more severe cases, surgical interventions such as injection laryngoplasty or thyroplasty might be considered. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment can significantly improve voice quality and overall quality of life for individuals affected by vocal cord palsies.
