The vertical dimension of occlusion refers to the maxillomandibular relationship that determines the vertical positioning of the jaws in relation to each other when the teeth are in occlusion. It is a crucial measurement in dentistry that defines the spatial relationship between the upper and lower jaws when the teeth are fully closed and determines the vertical space available for tooth structure, dental restorations, and prosthetic devices.
In simpler terms, the vertical dimension of occlusion is the height at which the upper and lower teeth meet when the mouth is closed. It essentially establishes the amount of space between the upper and lower jaws, influencing important factors such as proper chewing, speech, stability, and overall facial appearance.
Maintaining the correct vertical dimension of occlusion is vital for the function and stability of the stomatognathic system, which includes the teeth, muscles, and joints involved in biting, chewing, and speaking. Imbalances or malfunctions in this dimension can lead to difficulties in biting, chewing, pain, and problems in the temporomandibular joint.
Dentists and prosthodontists carefully evaluate and measure the vertical dimension of occlusion to ensure the correct alignment between the upper and lower teeth, particularly when designing and fitting dental appliances such as dentures, bridges, or implants. Restoring the proper vertical dimension of occlusion is crucial for achieving proper esthetics, function, and overall oral health.
