The correct spelling of "vertical circles" is /vərˈtɪkəl ˈsɜːrkəlz/, according to the International Phonetic Alphabet. The first syllable "ver" is pronounced with a schwa sound "ə", followed by the stressed syllable "ti" with a short "i" sound. The second syllable "cal" has a long "a" sound, and the final syllable "les" is pronounced with a short "u" sound followed by a voiced "z" sound. This term is commonly used in physics and astronomy to describe a path that is perpendicular to the earth's surface.
Vertical circles refer to circular paths or trajectories that are oriented in a vertical direction, perpendicular to the ground or a horizontal plane. In physics, particularly in the field of mechanics and circular motion, vertical circles describe the movement of an object or particle along a circular path that lies in a vertical plane.
When an object moves in a vertical circle, it traces out a circular arc in a plane that is perpendicular to the ground. This movement can occur in various scenarios, such as in amusement park rides, gymnastic routines, or even celestial mechanics.
In the context of amusement park rides, vertical circles are often encountered in roller coasters and other thrilling attractions. Riders experience a combination of forces that include gravitational pulls, inertia, and centripetal forces as they travel along the circular path. These forces result in the sensation of weightlessness or intense g-forces, depending on the speed and radius of the circle.
From a physics perspective, vertical circles can be mathematically analyzed by considering the acceleration, velocity, and the forces acting on the object or particle moving in the circle. Centripetal force, which points toward the center of the circle, is required to keep the object moving in a circular path, while gravitational force provides the necessary vertical component in such motion.
Overall, vertical circles involve the circular motion of an object or particle in a vertical plane, providing various applications in amusement rides, sports, and scientific exploration.
Great circles of the celestial concave which pass through the vertex of the visible hemisphere, and are therefore perpendicular to the horizon.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The etymology of the word "vertical circles" can be understood by breaking it down into its constituent parts:
- "Vertical" originates from the Latin word "verticālis", which was derived from the Latin noun "vertex" meaning "the highest point" or "top". It later came to describe something that is in an upright or perpendicular position with respect to the earth's surface.
- "Circles" comes from the Latin noun "circulus", which means "a circular figure" or "a ring". It is derived from the Latin verb "circum" meaning "around" or "round".
Therefore, "vertical circles" refers to the circular paths or rings that are in a perpendicular position with respect to the earth's surface. This term is often used in fields such as astronomy and navigation to describe specific paths or directions in relation to the Earth's vertical axis.