VEDANGA JYOTISHA Meaning and
Definition
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Vedanga Jyotisha refers to one of the six ancient auxiliary disciplines (Vedangas) of Vedic literature in Hinduism. Derived from the Sanskrit words "Veda" meaning "knowledge" and "Anga" meaning "limb" or "part," Vedanga Jyotisha can be translated as the "limb of knowledge related to astronomy and astrology." It is the branch of Vedic literature that deals with the study and interpretation of celestial bodies, their movements, and their influence on human life.
Vedanga Jyotisha is believed to have been composed around the 14th century BCE and is considered to be one of the oldest texts on astrology. It serves as a comprehensive guide for the proper calculation and prediction of astronomical phenomena, including the positions and motions of the Sun, Moon, planets, and other celestial bodies. The text also covers various aspects of astrology, such as horoscope casting, interpreting planetary positions, and determining auspicious timings for various activities and rituals.
This discipline played a crucial role in the religious and social life of ancient India. It aided in determining the timing of important religious rituals and agricultural activities, as well as providing insights into individual and collective fortunes. Scholars and priests relied on Vedanga Jyotisha to ensure the accuracy of calendars, horoscopes, and astronomical calculations necessary for religious ceremonies and societal events.
In summary, Vedanga Jyotisha can be defined as an ancient Indian textual corpus that encompasses the knowledge and study of astronomy and astrology. It serves as a vital tool for understanding celestial phenomena and their impact on human life, determining auspicious timings, and guiding religious practices in the Vedic tradition.
Etymology of VEDANGA JYOTISHA
The word "Vedanga Jyotisha" is derived from two Sanskrit words: "Vedanga" and "Jyotisha".
1. Vedanga: The word "Vedanga" is a combination of two Sanskrit words - "Veda" and "Anga". "Veda" refers to the sacred scriptures of Hinduism that include hymns, rituals, chants, and philosophical teachings. "Anga" means "limb" or "branch". Vedanga, therefore, literally translates to "limbs of the Vedas". Vedanga refers to the auxiliary disciplines or limbs of the Vedas, which are six in number and include Shiksha (phonetics), Vyakarana (grammar), Kalpa (rituals), Nirukta (etymology), Chandas (metrics), and Jyotisha (astronomy/astrology).
