Uronephrosis is a medical term used to describe a condition characterized by the dilation or swelling of the renal pelvis and calyces, which are the structures that collect and carry urine produced by the kidneys. This condition occurs due to an obstruction, blockage, or constriction of the urinary tract, preventing urine from properly draining from the kidneys to the bladder.
In uronephrosis, the backup of urine in the urinary system leads to an accumulation of fluid in the renal pelvis and calyces. This build-up of urine can exert pressure on the kidney tissue, causing it to stretch and expand, resulting in the dilation of these structures.
Uronephrosis can be caused by various factors such as kidney stones, tumors, blood clots, congenital abnormalities, urinary tract infections, or strictures. The severity of symptoms can range from mild discomfort or pain to more severe symptoms like persistent flank pain, urinary tract infections, blood in the urine, or kidney dysfunction.
Diagnosis of uronephrosis often involves imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. They may include medications to relieve symptoms, antibiotics for infections, minimally invasive procedures to remove obstructions, or in severe cases, surgery may be required to alleviate the blockages and restore proper urine flow.
In conclusion, uronephrosis refers to the swelling or dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces due to an obstruction in the urinary tract, which interferes with the normal drainage of urine from the kidneys.
