Uraemic is an adjective used to describe a state of disequilibrium in the body due to the accumulation of waste products, toxins, and excess salts in the bloodstream caused by impaired kidney function. The term is mainly associated with a medical condition called uremia or chronic kidney disease (CKD).
In uremia, the kidneys fail to adequately filter and remove waste products like urea, creatinine, and other nitrogenous materials from the blood. As a result, these substances build up in the body, leading to various symptoms and complications. Common signs of uremia include fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, muscle cramps, itching, changes in urine output, and mental confusion.
Uraemic symptoms arise due to the harmful effects of accumulated waste products on different organs and systems in the body, such as the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems. If left untreated, uremia can progress to life-threatening complications like fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, metabolic acidosis, and even kidney failure.
Treatment for uremia usually focuses on managing the underlying cause, preserving kidney function, and alleviating symptoms. This may involve lifestyle changes, medication to control blood pressure and blood sugar levels, dialysis to artificially filter the blood, or ultimately, a kidney transplant. Regular monitoring and early intervention are crucial in managing uremia and improving the prognosis for individuals affected by this condition.
