Ultraviolet rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation that is not visible to the human eye. The word "ultraviolet" is spelled /ˌʌltrəˈvaɪəlɪt/ in IPA phonetic transcription. The first syllable "ultra" has a schwa sound followed by the consonant cluster /ltr/. The second syllable "vi" is pronounced with a long "i" sound followed by the letter "ə". The final syllable "olet" is pronounced with a stressed "o" sound followed by a short "e" sound, and the letters "t" and "s" represent the consonant sounds /t/ and /z/, respectively.
Ultraviolet rays, commonly referred to as UV rays, are electromagnetic waves with shorter wavelengths than those of visible light, yet longer than X-rays. The term "ultraviolet" stems from the Latin words "ultra," meaning beyond, and "violet," representing the visible light color with the shortest wavelength.
UV rays exist within the range of 10-400 nanometers, divided into three categories based on their wavelength: UVA (320-400 nm), UVB (280-320 nm), and UVC (100-280 nm). While UVC rays are mostly absorbed by the Earth's ozone layer and not encountered in significant amounts on the planet's surface, UVA and UVB rays have implications for human health and are primarily emitted by the sun.
These rays possess higher energy levels than visible light, enabling them to penetrate the Earth's atmosphere and reach the surface. UVA rays have the longest wavelengths and can penetrate deep into the skin, causing long-term damage. UVB rays, with shorter wavelengths, are partially absorbed in the atmosphere and mostly affect the outer layers of the skin, leading to sunburns and tanning.
Excessive exposure to UV rays, whether from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds, can pose various health risks. Increased UV radiation exposure is associated with skin aging, wrinkles, skin cancer, eye damage (including cataracts), and suppression of the immune system. It is essential to protect oneself from UV radiation by using sunscreen, wearing protective clothing, seeking shade during peak sun hours, and using sunglasses that provide UV protection.
In summary, ultraviolet rays are high-energy electromagnetic waves emitted by the sun, categorized into UVA, UVB, and UVC, with the potential to cause adverse health effects when proper precautions are
The word "ultraviolet" has its roots in Latin. "Ultra" means beyond or surpassing, while "violet" refers to the color violet, which has a shorter wavelength than other visible colors. The term "ray" refers to the emission of energy or particles in a straight line.
In the late 19th century, the German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen discovered X-rays, a type of electromagnetic radiation that exhibits properties beyond the violet end of the visible spectrum. Röntgen initially called them "X-rays" since the exact nature of this radiation was unknown at the time.
Later, the French physicist Paul Villard discovered a similar form of radiation, which he named "ultra-violet" due to its position beyond violet in the electromagnetic spectrum. Villard's term gained more popularity and eventually became the widely accepted name for this type of radiation, commonly referred to as ultraviolet rays.