The phrase "turn turtle" means to capsize or flip upside down, usually referring to a boat or vehicle. The spelling of the word "turtle" in this phrase is derived from the old English word "tortu", meaning twisted or crooked. The pronunciation of "turtle" is transcribed as /ˈtɜːrtəl/ using the International Phonetic Alphabet. The stress is on the first syllable and the "r" is pronounced, leading to the unique sound of "tur" in the word.
The term "turn turtle" refers to a nautical expression that describes the action of a boat or vessel overturning or capsizing entirely, resulting in the bottom or hull being exposed and facing upwards. This phrase originally derived from observing real turtles when they instinctively retract into their shells or invert themselves to protect their vulnerable underbellies when feeling threatened.
In a maritime context, "turn turtle" typically implies a sudden and accidental event where a boat loses its balance, stability, or buoyancy, causing it to tip or flip over entirely. This situation can occur due to various factors such as strong winds, rough waters, heavy storms, or a drastic shift in weight distribution. When a vessel turns turtle, its crew and passengers face severe risks, as they can be thrown overboard, trapped beneath the boat, or become disoriented.
"Turn turtle" can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation where someone or something experiences a complete reversal, upheaval, or dramatic change in circumstances. This figurative usage highlights a complete flip or inversion of a previously established situation or outcome, often leading to unexpected and adverse consequences. In this sense, "turn turtle" suggests a sudden and dramatic shift that can disrupt or overturn the previous state of affairs.
The phrase "turn turtle" has nautical origins and originally referred to the capsizing or overturning of a ship or boat. The term "turtle" in this context is derived from the Old English word "torht", which means "bright" or "shining". This Old English word later evolved into the Middle English word "tort" or "torte", which specifically referred to a kind of wooden framework on a ship. Over time, the phrase "turn turtle" came to describe the act of a vessel being completely overturned, with its bottom (or deck) facing upwards, resembling the shape of a turtle.