How Do You Spell TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTORS?

Pronunciation: [tjˈuːmə nɛkɹˈə͡ʊsɪs fˈaktə ɹɪsˈɛptəz] (IPA)

The spelling of "Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors" can be a challenge due to the lengthy and complex nature of the word. However, understanding the phonetic transcription using the International Phonetic Alphabet can assist in correct pronunciation. For example, "tju:mər nɛkrosis fæktər rɪsɛptərz" breaks down the sounds of each syllable. Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors are proteins on the surface of cells that bind to TNF, a cytokine involved in inflammation and apoptosis. They play a role in regulating the immune system and are a target for certain medical treatments.

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TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTORS Meaning and Definition

  1. Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors (TNF receptors) are a group of cell surface receptors that play a crucial role in the immune system by interacting with tumor necrosis factors (TNFs). TNF receptors are involved in mediating various cellular responses, including inflammation, apoptosis (programmed cell death), and cell survival.

    There are two main types of TNF receptors: TNFR1 (also known as p55) and TNFR2 (also known as p75). TNFR1 is widely expressed and interacts with both soluble and membrane-bound forms of TNF-alpha, a major pro-inflammatory cytokine. Activation of TNFR1 can lead to the induction of various signaling pathways, such as the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, which regulates the expression of genes involved in inflammation and immune responses. On the other hand, TNFR2 is expressed on a limited number of cell types and binds primarily to membrane-bound TNF-alpha. TNFR2 activation is involved in promoting cell survival and tissue regeneration.

    The TNF receptor family also includes other members, such as CD40, the Fas receptor (CD95), and the receptor for lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-alpha). Each receptor within this family has specific ligands and functions, contributing to the complex regulation of immune responses.

    The dysregulation or malfunction of TNF receptors and their associated signaling pathways can lead to various diseases, including chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, as well as autoimmune disorders and certain types of cancers. Therefore, TNF receptors are important targets for therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating immune responses and treating these diseases.

Common Misspellings for TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTORS

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