Tree cotton, scientifically known as Bombax ceiba, is a tropical tree species that is native to South and Southeast Asia. Also referred to as the red silk-cotton tree, it belongs to the Malvaceae family and can grow up to heights of about 20 meters, with a trunk diameter of 3 meters.
The tree cotton is characterized by its large, deciduous leaves that are palmately lobed, typically having five to seven elongated leaflets. It bears striking, showy flowers that are usually red or orange in color, and measures around 15 centimeters in diameter. The flowers give way to large, greenish-brown seed capsules filled with white cotton-like fibers, which are utilized for various purposes.
Most notably, the cotton fibers produced by the tree cotton are used in traditional crafts and textiles, especially in regions where the tree is abundant. The fibers are collected by manually removing the seeds from the seed capsules and then separating the cotton from the seeds. Once collected, the cotton can be spun into thread and woven into fabrics or used for stuffing pillows, mattresses, and other upholstery items.
Furthermore, beyond its textile applications, various parts of the tree cotton have been utilized for medicinal purposes by indigenous communities. The bark, leaves, flowers, and fruits of the tree contain compounds that have properties such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral. These characteristics have led to their traditional use in treating ailments like skin infections, digestive problems, and respiratory issues.
In conclusion, the tree cotton is a tropical tree species valued for its cotton fibers and various medicinal properties. Its vibrant flowers, large seed capsules, and cotton-like fibers make it a significant resource in traditional crafts and textiles, while its medicinal benefits contribute to its cultural importance in certain regions.
