Pronunciation: [tˈɪʃuː kˈʌlt͡ʃə] (IPA) 
The spelling of the term "Tissue Culture" can be confusing due to its pronunciation. In IPA phonetic transcription, it is written as /ˈtɪʃu kʌltʃər/. The first syllable is pronounced as "tish-yoo" with the "sh" sound like in "shoe". The second syllable is pronounced as "kul-chur" with the "ch" sound as in "chair". "Tissue Culture" refers to a technique used in biology to grow cells or tissues in a laboratory setting.
Tissue culture refers to a scientific technique used in biology and medicine that involves the growth and maintenance of cells, tissues, or organs in an artificial environment outside the organism from which they originated. It utilizes precise laboratory conditions to replicate and sustain the growth of cells or tissues in a controlled environment.
In tissue culture, small tissue samples are extracted from plants, animals, or humans and then carefully placed in a nutrient-rich medium containing various minerals, vitamins, and growth factors necessary for cell survival and proliferation. The growth medium is carefully monitored and adjusted to provide optimum conditions for cell growth, including appropriate temperature, pH levels, and lighting.
Under the ideal conditions of tissue culture, the cells and tissues can multiply and differentiate, forming new cell colonies or even complete plant organs. This technique offers a valuable tool for studying the fundamental aspects of cell biology, genetics, and development. It also finds extensive applications in areas such as plant breeding, pharmaceutical research, and tissue engineering.
Tissue culture plays a crucial role in the development of new drugs, the production of disease-free plants, and the study of cell behavior and interactions. By providing a controlled environment where cells can grow and function, tissue culture enables scientists to explore various aspects of cellular biology and utilize these findings for numerous biomedical and agricultural advancements.
The word "tissue culture" has its roots in both Latin and English.
The term "tissue" comes from the Latin word "texere", which means "to weave". In the early 17th century, "tissue" referred to any woven fabric. Eventually, its meaning shifted to refer specifically to a woven fabric made of fine threads, often used for luxury garments.
The term "culture" originates from the Latin word "cultura", which means "growing, cultivation, or tending". It developed in English to refer to the process of cultivating or growing organisms in a controlled environment, such as growing plants or growing microorganisms in a laboratory setting.
Combining these two terms, "tissue culture" refers to the cultivation or growth of tissues, particularly cells or cell cultures, in a controlled artificial environment outside their natural environment.
