Pronunciation: [tˈɛkst͡ʃuːə͡l skˈɒləʃˌɪp] (IPA) 
Correct spelling for the English word "textual scholarship" is [tˈɛkst͡ʃuːə͡l skˈɒləʃˌɪp], [tˈɛkstʃuːəl skˈɒləʃˌɪp], [t_ˈɛ_k_s_tʃ_uː_əl s_k_ˈɒ_l_ə_ʃ_ˌɪ_p] (IPA phonetic alphabet).
Textual scholarship is a multidisciplinary field of study that focuses on the critical examination and analysis of written texts, particularly literary works and historical documents. It encompasses the study of manuscripts, print editions, and other textual variations, aiming to understand their creation, transmission, and interpretation processes. Textual scholars employ various tools and methods to analyze texts, such as paleography, codicology, and bibliographical research.
The primary objective of textual scholarship is to establish an accurate and authoritative text of a work by examining and comparing different versions and variants. Scholars aim to identify the author's intended text and context, as well as the changes made during transmission. This involves tracing the history of a text's composition, its revisions, and the influences that shaped its development. By studying the physical features of manuscripts or the print history of a work, textual scholars can trace the textual lineage and determine the most authentic version.
Textual scholarship is closely tied to literary criticism and historical research, as it provides valuable insights into the author's original intentions and the social, cultural, and political contexts in which the text was produced. It involves meticulous analysis of textual evidence, including ink variations, handwriting styles, and linguistic features, to reconstruct the most accurate version of a work. The findings of textual scholarship often contribute to the production of critical editions, helping readers and researchers engage with texts in their original forms and better understand their historical and cultural significance.
The term "textual scholarship" has its origins in the Latin word "textus", which means "to weave" or "fabric". In ancient times, it referred to woven cloth or a piece of writing. In the Middle Ages, it came to denote a written work, especially religious scriptures.
The word "scholarship" has its roots in the Old English word "scolar", which means "student" or "learner". It later evolved to refer to someone engaged in advanced study or research.
Therefore, when combined, "textual scholarship" refers to the study and analysis of texts, particularly literary or historical works, with a focus on understanding their composition, variations, and transmission throughout history. It involves examining manuscripts, comparing different versions of a text, and determining the most accurate and authentic representation.
