SYMMETRICAL BALANCE Meaning and
Definition
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Symmetrical balance, also referred to as formal balance, is a fundamental design principle used in various fields such as art, design, and architecture. It refers to a type of balance where elements are evenly distributed or arranged in a way that creates a sense of visual equilibrium. In symmetrical balance, the overall composition is divided into two or more parts that are mirror images of each other, creating a harmonious and pleasing aesthetic.
This balance is achieved by maintaining an equal visual weight on both sides of a central axis or imaginary vertical line, resulting in a sense of stability and tranquility. Elements such as shapes, colors, textures, and objects are carefully placed and repeated to create this sense of equilibrium. Symmetrical balance can be further classified into two main types: bilateral symmetry and radial symmetry.
Bilateral symmetry occurs when the elements on both sides of the axis are identical, thus creating a mirror-like reflection. This type of balance is commonly seen in formal gardens, architectural facades, and religious symbols. On the other hand, radial symmetry involves arranging elements around a central point, with each item distributed evenly and repeating in a circular or spiral pattern. This type of balance is often found in natural objects such as flowers, snowflakes, and star shapes.
Symmetrical balance is valued for its sense of order, symmetry, and stability. It represents a classical and traditional aesthetic and is often associated with feelings of calmness, elegance, and formalism.
Etymology of SYMMETRICAL BALANCE
The word "symmetrical" comes from the Latin word "symmetricus", which derives from the Greek word "summetros". "Summetros" is a combination of two Greek words: "syn" meaning "together" or "with", and "metros" meaning "measure". Therefore, "symmetrical" refers to something that is in proportion or has equal measures on both sides.
The word "balance" has its roots in the Latin word "bilanx", which is a combination of "bi-" meaning "two" and "lanx" meaning "scale". In ancient times, the concept of balance was often represented by two scales, as in the symbol of justice. Over time, "balance" came to be associated with equilibrium, equality, and harmony.
