The "subdural space" is a narrow area between the brain and the dura mater, the outermost membrane covering the brain. In terms of spelling, "subdural" is pronounced /sʌbˈdjʊərəl/, with the stress falling on the second syllable. In IPA, the phonetic transcription of the word is /sʌbˈdjʊərəl speɪs/, with "speɪs" representing the phonetic transcription of the word "space". Understanding correct pronunciation is important in medical terminology to avoid confusion and ensure effective communication among healthcare professionals.
The subdural space is a narrow gap that exists between the arachnoid mater and the dura mater, two of the three protective layers called meninges, surrounding the brain. It is a potential space, meaning that it is normally very narrow or even non-existent, filled with a thin film of fluid known as the subdural fluid. The outermost protective layer, the dura mater, lines the inner surface of the skull, while the arachnoid mater lies below it.
In cases of trauma or injury, the subdural space can become significant. Excessive force or sudden impact can cause blood vessels to rupture, resulting in the collection of blood and subsequent expansion of the subdural space. This condition is known as a subdural hematoma, which can exert harmful pressure on the brain tissue if left untreated.
The subdural space plays a crucial role in the overall protection and cushioning of the brain. It acts as a buffer, allowing the brain to move slightly within the skull without experiencing direct trauma during normal activities or minor impacts. However, when the subdural space becomes enlarged due to an accumulation of blood or other fluid, it can disrupt the delicate balance within the cranial cavity, potentially leading to serious complications or even life-threatening conditions. Therefore, it is important for medical professionals to closely monitor any abnormalities or signs of subdural space expansion in order to promptly intervene and prevent further damage.
Cavum subdurale, the space between the dura mater and the arachnoid.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The term "subdural" is composed of two parts: "sub", derived from the Latin preposition "sub" meaning "below" or "under", and "dura", which comes from the Latin word "durus" meaning "hard". In anatomical terminology, "dura" refers to the dura mater, which is the outermost and toughest layer of the three membranes (meninges) that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord.
Therefore, the "subdural space" is the space that lies below or under the dura mater. It refers to the potential space between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater (the middle layer of the meninges). This space can become filled with fluid or blood in certain pathological conditions, like subdural hematomas, where blood pools between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater.