STREPTAVIDIN Meaning and
Definition
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Streptavidin is a protein that is widely used in various biological applications due to its exceptionally high affinity for biotin. It is produced naturally by the bacterium Streptomyces avidinii. Streptavidin consists of four subunits, each containing a unique binding pocket that can accommodate a single biotin molecule. This results in a tetrameric structure with a total of four biotin-binding sites.
The binding affinity between streptavidin and biotin is one of the strongest known non-covalent interactions, with a dissociation constant (Kd) in the order of 10^-15 M. This high affinity makes streptavidin-biotin interactions highly specific and resistant to environmental conditions such as temperature, pH, and denaturing agents.
Streptavidin's unique biological properties have made it an invaluable tool in a wide range of applications. It is frequently used in biotechnology and molecular biology for protein purification, cell labeling, and biomolecule detection. Streptavidin can be conjugated to various reporter molecules, such as enzymes, fluorescent dyes, or radioactive isotopes, allowing for the detection and visualization of biotinylated targets in experimental systems.
Despite its widespread use, it should be noted that streptavidin has a natural affinity for egg white protein avidin, which can lead to unwanted nonspecific interactions. However, modified versions of streptavidin, such as avidin D or engineered variants with reduced avidity for endogenous proteins, have been developed to minimize such issues.
Common Misspellings for STREPTAVIDIN
- atreptavidin
- ztreptavidin
- xtreptavidin
- dtreptavidin
- etreptavidin
- wtreptavidin
- srreptavidin
- sfreptavidin
- sgreptavidin
- syreptavidin
- s6reptavidin
- s5reptavidin
- steeptavidin
- stdeptavidin
- stfeptavidin
- stteptavidin
- st5eptavidin
- st4eptavidin
- strwptavidin
- strsptavidin
Etymology of STREPTAVIDIN
The word "streptavidin" is derived from a combination of the words "strepto" and "avidin".
- "Strepto" is derived from the Greek word "streptos", which means "twisted" or "curved". It is often used as a prefix in scientific terms to indicate the presence of a curved or twisted structure.
- "Avidin" is a protein derived from egg whites and is widely used in biological research. It was first discovered in the 19th century and named for its strong binding ability. The name "avidin" is derived from the Latin word "avidus", meaning "eager" or "greedy".
Therefore, "streptavidin" refers to a protein that is similar in structure and binding ability to avidin, but with a twisted or curved shape. The name reflects its association with both the avidin protein and its unique structure.
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