Stomach volvulus, also known as gastric volvulus, is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal twisting or rotation of the stomach around its axis. This twisting can lead to a partial or complete obstruction of the stomach, resulting in various symptoms and complications.
When the stomach undergoes volvulus, it rotates over 180 degrees or even undergoes multiple twists. This causes the blood vessels supplying the stomach to become twisted and obstructed, leading to ischemia (lack of blood flow) and potential tissue death if left untreated.
The symptoms of stomach volvulus can vary, ranging from mild to severe. Common signs include severe abdominal pain, bloating, difficulty swallowing, nausea, vomiting, and the inability to pass gas or have a bowel movement. In severe cases, patients may experience symptoms of shock, such as rapid heartbeat, low blood pressure, and dizziness.
Stomach volvulus can occur due to various factors, including congenital abnormalities, diaphragmatic defects, weak ligaments supporting the stomach, or anatomical changes in the abdomen caused by trauma or previous surgeries. Certain individuals, such as those with hiatal hernias or connective tissue disorders, may be more prone to developing stomach volvulus.
The diagnosis of stomach volvulus typically involves a combination of physical examinations, imaging tests (such as X-rays, CT scans, or ultrasounds), and sometimes endoscopy or laparoscopy to visualize the stomach and confirm the presence of volvulus.
Management of stomach volvulus usually requires emergency surgery to untwist the stomach and secure it in its proper position. In some cases, the surgeon may need to remove or repair any damaged tissue. Without prompt treatment, stomach volvulus can be life-threatening due to the
