Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid that occurs naturally in various vegetable and animal fats and oils. It is a solid, waxy substance at room temperature and has a chemical formula of C18H36O2. It is often obtained from animal fats, such as beef tallow and shea butter, or from vegetable oils, like palm oil and coconut oil.
Stearic acid is widely used in various industries, including the food, pharmaceutical, and personal care sectors. In the food industry, it is utilized as a food additive, functioning as a stabilizer, emulsifier, and thickening agent in a wide range of products. It can be found in food items like margarine, chocolate, chewing gum, and baked goods.
In the pharmaceutical industry, stearic acid is incorporated into medications and supplements as a lubricant or as an excipient to enhance drug stability and promote uniformity of dosage. It is also commonly found in cosmetic and personal care products, such as lotions, creams, soaps, and candles, where it acts as a thickener, binder, or hardening agent.
Stearic acid is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory authorities when used in accordance with recommended guidelines. However, some individuals may have sensitivity or allergic reactions to this compound. Additionally, excessive consumption of stearic acid may contribute to an increase in blood cholesterol levels, although research results on its impact on cardiovascular health are mixed.
